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Course Test

It is legal and ethical for non-medical therapists to do all EXCEPT which one of the following? [Help]

A Instruct patients to increase the dose of their medication.

B Explain all options for treatment, given the diagnosis (however, should only mention empirically validated treatments).

C Talk about side effects.

D Mention the options of over-the-counter medications (e.g. St. John's Wort) if there are published studies demonstrating efficacy.

The dose of a drug needed to produce a clinical response is most strongly influenced by: [Help]

A The person's body weight.

B The severity of the disorder.

C The rate of liver metabolism.

D Whether the condition is chronic or acute.

Hypo-metabolizers are most likely to encounter: [Help]

A Longer periods of time before there is symptomatic improvement.

B Increased drug-drug interactions.

C Low blood levels of medications on standard doses.

D Significant side effects when given standard doses.

In treatment outcome studies with FDA approved antidepressants for major depressive disorder, the general finding is: [Help]

A 50% of patients will achieve remission if they stay in the treatment.

B Complete remission occurring in less than 15% of subjects.

C 35% of subjects are partial responders.

D 25% reach full remission.

A dysregulation of _______ (neurotransmitter) in the central nervous system appears to be strongly associated with the following behaviors/symptoms: irritability, impulsivity and suicidal ideations. [Help]

A Serotonin

B Cortisol

C BDNF

D Dopamine

Hypercortisolemia is associated with all of the following except: [Help]

A Elevations in blood glucose.

B Hippocampal atrophy.

C Neurologic damage to fetuses.

D Increase in carbohydrate craving.

BDNF is activated by all of the following except: [Help]

A Tranquilizers.

B Lithium.

C Antidepressants.

D Exercise.

Atypical depressive symptoms are commonly associated with: [Help]

A Increased suicidality.

B Bipolar depression.

C Weight loss.

D Psychotic depressive symptoms.

Antidepressants can cause "activation", which refers to: [Help]

A Increased sense of aliveness and productive energy.

B Igniting of hypomania or mania.

C Increased reuptake of neurotransmitters.

D An acute antidepressant side effect characterized by anxiety and agitation.

In group studies of very severely depressed patients, which of the following medications is NOT recommended as a first-line of treatment? [Help]

A Effexor

B Prozac

C Lexapro

D Paxil

A patient with major depressive disorder has been treated with high doses of an SSRI for 8 weeks and shown no signs of improvement. Assuming that the person is adherent with treatment, which of the following would be the highest yield "next step" strategy? [Help]

A Augment with an atypical antipsychotic

B Augment with an antidepressant from a different class of antidepressants

C Continue to treat on the same dose of medications for an additional 4 weeks

D Switch to a different class of antidepressants

Which of the following statements is true? [Help]

A For the majority of young people, treatment with antidepressants is associated with increased suicidality.

B In addition to increased suicide risks with antidepressants, these medications can be habit-forming.

C The use of antidepressants in treating severe depression has been shown to decrease suicide rates.

D Antidepressants should generally be avoided in patients under the age of 13.

Rapid cycling bipolar illness is: [Help]

A A chronic condition and non-responsive to treatment.

B Seen in about 7% of people with bipolar illness over their lifetime.

C Diagnosed following 4 mood episodes within the last 12 months.

D A marker for possible schizoaffective disorder.

Pre-pubertal bipolar disorder: [Help]

A Is accepted worldwide as a subtype of bipolar disorder.

B Has increased significantly during the past 20 years due to accurate assessment and diagnosis.

C Was first proposed in Europe.

D None of the above

The most common reason for patients to discontinue the mood stabilizers (against medical advice) is: [Help]

A Problems tolerating side effects.

B Patients miss the good feelings associated with mania.

C Cost of medications.

D 1 and 3 above.

Which of the following medication(s) is/are at highest risk for causing switching in treating bipolar depression? [Help]

A Calcium channel blockers

B Tranquilizers

C Topamax

D Antidepressants

Which of the following may cause mood switching? [Help]

A Bright light exposure

B St. John's Wort

C SSRIs

D All of the above

Which of the following medications needs to avoided in the treatment of acute mania? [Help]

A Haldol

B Xanax

C Ativan

D Zyprexa

The most appropriate use of benzodiazepines in the treatment of panic disorder is: [Help]

A Continuous 24 hour a day dosing in short term duration.

B Use on an as needed basis (e.g. at the first sign of a panic attack), to avoid developing tolerance to the drug.

C Use at moderate to high doses combined with exposure therapy.

D Use only during the day time since panic attacks do not occur during sleep.

Typically in the treatment of OCD with SSRIs: [Help]

A Patients respond to low to moderate doses.

B Patients generally reach full symptomatic improvement within 4 months and hit a plateau.

C Patients gradually continue to improve during the first 12 months of treatment.

D If there is symptomatic improvement, keep the patient on medications for 12 months and then gradually discontinue...most will continue to be symptom free.

Drinking more than 250mg a day of caffeine is likely to interfere with: [Help]

A REM sleep.

B Slow wave deep sleep.

C Early awakening.

D Dreaming.

Which of the following is a true statement for ADHD? [Help]

A Hyperactivity, as a symptom, remains well into adult life for two-thirds of those with ADHD.

B One-third of children with ADHD outgrow the disorder by early adulthood.

C Unmedicated ADHD patients show abnormal maturation of white matter in the brain, while medicated subjects do not.

D A significant risk in the use of stimulants in treating ADHD is stimulant abuse (or addiction).

Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely implicated in the pathophysiology of ADHD? [Help]

A Dopamine

B Serotonin

C Norepinephrine

D Glutamate

The first FDA approved drug for postpartum depression, Brexanolone: [Help]

A Has been studied long term and provides relief to 60% of women who take it.

B Requires an intravenous infusion over 60 hours in the hospital.

C Is reasonably inexpensive and widely available.

D Is definitively known to have actions on the GABA system.

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