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Course Test

Youth present to healthcare providers with a variety of emotional and behavioral challenges. Which answer best describes the challenges health care providers face when conducting assessments and making diagnoses? [Help]

A Until youth are at-least 6-years-old, health care professionals should not be making any definitive diagnoses and instead use the term Unspecified Neurodevelopmental Disorder.

B Youth do not manifest major depressive disorder until adolescence.

C Some youth may be diagnosed with multiple disorders given that comorbidities are high.

D Bipolar disorder cannot be diagnosed until the age of 18.

If a parent took their child to a healthcare provider in the 1960s for an assessment of depression, the provider may say: [Help]

A Depression is very common in youth and medication should be started immediately.

B Children do not become depressed.

C Parents are never responsible for the depression, especially the mothers, since depression is purely biological.

D Both 1 and 3

Some cases of depressive disorders and bipolar disorder emerge in childhood or early adolescence. Which of the following statements is true? [Help]

A Some of these cases go undiagnosed and untreated for years leading to chronic treatment-resistive conditions.

B Many of these cases probably involve misdiagnoses and treatment of the wrong disorder.

C Since primary care providers may be reluctant to treat childhood-onset disorder, the family of these youth probably need to spend time and money pursuing more specialized providers such as psychiatrists, psychiatric nurse practitioners, and prescribing psychologists.

D All the above

Which of the following is a true statement? [Help]

A The diagnosis and treatment of youth with psychiatric disorders is quite similar, if not identical to that of adults.

B Since youth generally metabolize psychotropic medication faster than adults, the rule of thumb when treating youth with medication is to start high and slowly titrate to a lower dose.

C Using psychotropic drugs with young children is like shooting at a moving target.

D Most mental disorders are primarily due to biological causes.

Rates of liver metabolism in pre-pubertal children are generally: [Help]

A Higher than that seen in adults.

B Lower than that seen in adults.

C About the same as that seen in adults.

D Are usually irrelevant as this relates to medication dosing.

The concept of "neuroprotection" refers to: [Help]

A Reducing harmful effects of toxic levels of stress hormones.

B Promoting neurogenesis (nerve regeneration)

C Reducing possible seizures.

D Both 1 and 2

Parents are frequently concerned about giving psychotropic drugs to their youth because of: [Help]

A Fears of addiction.

B Negative information from the media.

C Fears of permanent damage to the body.

D All the above

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD): [Help]

A Was added as an alternative diagnosis to pediatric bipolar disorder.

B Most often leads to a later diagnosis of bipolar disorder.

C Is included as one of the DSM-5-TR bipolar disorders.

D Requires the presence of mania for a diagnosis.

The most common early symptom picture (in pre-pubertal children) of what later turns out to be bipolar disorder is/are: [Help]

A Attention issues.

B Major depression.

C Mixed mania.

D Intense rage episodes.

In general (in large group studies) children and adolescents treated for major unipolar depression with antidepressants show: [Help]

A A very small increase in the incidence of suicidality (primarily suicidal ideation).

B Increased incidence of significant suicidality.

C No noticeable change in depressive symptoms nor overall decrease in suicidality.

D Improvement in depression, but no noticeable impact on suicide attempt cases.

The diagnosis of bipolar in youth: [Help]

A Does not require evidence of mania.

B Is controversial.

C Is fairly easy since laboratory testing provides definitive diagnoses.

D Both 1 and 3

In general, in the treatment of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents, which of the following is a true statement? [Help]

A It is best to treat with only one medication at a time.

B Multiple medications (e.g., mood stabilizers) most often must be used to control symptoms and prevent relapse.

C Three months after stabilization on medications, it is important to gradually discontinue medications to avoid long-term adverse effects.

D Most case of childhood many can be successfully treated and stabilized within a few weeks.

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Psychopharmacology for Child and Adolescent Mood Disorders: Problems and Promise - Test

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